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Author\u2019s Introduction:<\/b><\/p>\n
Humphrey Davey Findley Kitto\u00a0(6 February 1897 \u2013 21 January 1982) was a British classical scholar\u00a0of cornish\u00a0ancestry. He was born in Stroud, Gloucestershire.\u00a0He was educated at The crypt school, Gloucester, and St. John’s College, Cambridge.\u00a0He wrote his doctorate in 1920 at the\u00a0University of Bristol. He became a Lecturer in Greek at the University of Glasgow\u00a0from 1920 to 1944. On that year, he returned to the University of Bristol\u00a0where he became Professor of Greek and emeritus\u00a0in 1962.\u00a0He concentrated on studies of Greek tragedy, producing also translations of works of\u00a0Sophocles.\u00a0His 1952 general treatment\u00a0The Greeks\u00a0<\/i>[1]\u00a0covered the whole range of ancient Greek culture, and became a standard text.<\/p>\n [1]<\/p>\n Date: <\/b>1951<\/p>\n Period:\u00a0<\/b>Modernization<\/p>\n Summary:<\/b> More Than a City-State<\/p>\n For the Greeks, the inhabited, \u2018civilized\u2019 world had certain essential features: the use of Greek language, a recognizable religion giving offerings to the gods, and a host of civic customs and institutions summed up in the notion of the polis, the Greek city-state. It included the idea of a centrally organized place where social life was carried out publicly before the human community and the gods. It evolved in some cases to include ideas of citizenship whereby most adult males were recognized as part of the polity and had both obligations and rights. It often included the use of a central agora, or market place, the use of gymnasia for general education, athletics, and military training, and most poleis (plural of polis) also had a central citadel or defensible area near the main city.<\/p>\n [2]<\/p>\n The physical form of the polis (Athens) stressed public spaces; private houses away from the street. In contrast, emphasized public temples, stadiums and the agora.<\/p>\n \n For more information Click Here<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/p>\n References:<\/b><\/p>\n (1) Stout, Fredric, and Richard LeGates.\u00a0The City Reader<\/i>. 5th ed. 351-362. Print.<\/p>\n \u00a0Additional Reference:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n (2)The Greeks (Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company, 1957 [1951]), pp. 64\u201379. Retrieved\u00a023 Mar. 2014. <http:\/\/www.sagepub.com\/upm-data\/34064_Davies~Vol_1_Ch_01.pdf>.<\/p>\n (3) Ferguson, J.\u00a0The Polis, The City-State and Urban Life. 1998.\u00a0Retrieved\u00a023 Mar. 2014. <http:\/\/www.international-relations.com\/History\/Polis.pdf>.<\/p>\n (3) Voegelin, E.\u00a0Athens a History of 8000 Years. 2000.\u00a0Retrieved\u00a027 Mar. 2014. < http:\/\/www.skyscrapercity.com\/showthread.php?t=672156>.<\/p>\n Done by Fatma Fakhroo<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" By\u00a0H.D.F Kitto \u201cThe city-state was the means by which the Greek consciously strove to make the life both of the community and of the individual more excellent than it was before.\u201d \u2015 H.D.F. Kitto, The Greeks \u00a0 Author\u2019s Introduction: Humphrey … Continue reading ![\"809bb8309312fd963764a2f41774331414f6744\"](\"http:\/\/blogs.qu.edu.qa\/ha1003881\/files\/2014\/03\/809bb8309312fd963764a2f41774331414f6744.jpg\")
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